Burst Blood Vessels in the Eyes: Understanding the Causes of Redness
When you notice a red streak in the white part of your eye, it’s called “conjunctival injection” or eye redness. This occurs when blood vessels in the conjunctiva become enlarged due to increased blood flow, and occasionally, they burst. In most cases, eye redness is temporary and goes away after some rest. However, if it persists or keeps returning, it could signal an underlying health condition, and you should pay attention to your overall well-being.
1. Poor Lifestyle Habits: The Top Cause of Red Eyes
One of the most common causes of red eyes is poor lifestyle habits. Research from the American Optometric Association (AOA) shows that extended screen time—such as looking at a computer, tablet, or smartphone for long periods—can lead to “digital eye strain.” Studies indicate that 60% of people experience eye discomfort after just two hours of screen use daily. This strain can cause your eyes to become fatigued, dry, and red. Sleep deprivation also contributes to eye fatigue, increasing the likelihood of eye redness.
To reduce strain, try following the “20-20-20” rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away. This simple trick helps relax your eye muscles. Also, avoid rubbing your eyes, as it can worsen irritation or cause damage. If you feel discomfort, rinsing your eyes with water is the safest option, especially on days with high levels of fine dust.
2. Dry Eyes: A Major Contributor to Redness and Discomfort
Dryness in the eyes is another common reason for redness. In dry environments, eyes become more sensitive, leading to irritation. If dryness becomes chronic, it can result in frequent redness and discomfort. Experts recommend keeping your indoor humidity between 40-60% and drinking plenty of water to stay hydrated.
Chronic dry eye syndrome affects 10-30% of adults globally, particularly those over 50. This condition causes reduced tear production or excessive evaporation of tears, leading to discomfort and redness. Studies from The Ocular Surface journal show that untreated dry eyes can lead to frequent burst blood vessels.
If you experience symptoms of dry eyes, such as stinging or burning sensations, seek treatment from an eye doctor. Artificial tears, prescription medication, or punctal plugs can help keep moisture in the eyes and reduce redness.
3. Eye Diseases: Infections and Conditions That Cause Persistent Redness
Several eye conditions can cause persistent redness. These include infections such as conjunctivitis (pink eye), uveitis, and keratitis. In fact, conjunctivitis is one of the most common eye infections in the U.S., affecting about 3 million people annually, according to the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Infections like these often come with additional symptoms, such as pain, swelling, and excessive tearing.
If your eyes feel painful, itchy, or sensitive to light, it’s essential to consult an eye specialist. Even mild symptoms should be checked by a doctor, as untreated eye conditions can cause long-term damage. If you’re over 40, it’s crucial to get screened for more severe eye diseases, such as glaucoma and cataracts, which affect a significant portion of the population.
4. High Blood Pressure: The Link Between Hypertension and Red Eyes
High blood pressure can also contribute to burst blood vessels in the eyes. Elevated blood pressure can cause the blood vessels in the eyes to expand. However, hypertension-related eye redness presents differently. Instead of redness spreading across the entire white of the eye, you may notice small, pinpoint red spots.
Although rare, high blood pressure can cause visible changes in the eyes. The American Heart Association reports that about one in three adults in the U.S. has high blood pressure, and it can damage the blood vessels in the eyes. If you notice red spots on your eyes, it’s a good idea to visit an eye doctor or cardiologist for a thorough checkup.
5. Shingles: When the Chickenpox Virus Affects Your Eyes
Shingles is a viral infection that can cause eye redness. It occurs when the chickenpox virus reactivates in the body, often due to a weakened immune system. The condition can initially resemble flu-like symptoms, but over time, red rashes develop in specific areas of the body, often accompanied by severe pain.
Shingles can affect the eye area, leading to redness and other complications. If the rash appears near the eyes, it could result in herpes zoster ophthalmicus, a condition that can cause permanent eye damage if untreated. Early antiviral treatment can help reduce the severity of symptoms and prevent complications.
Conclusion: How to Treat Red Eyes and Prevent Future Issues
While red eyes are usually not a serious health concern, they can indicate an underlying condition if accompanied by symptoms like pain, itching, or blurred vision. The most important first step is to rest your eyes and take breaks, especially if you’ve been using screens for long periods. If you notice persistent redness, pain, or discomfort, seeking an eye examination is crucial.
Taking care of your eyes involves healthy habits, staying hydrated, and managing any underlying health conditions. If you experience any of the symptoms mentioned, don’t hesitate to visit an eye specialist for a comprehensive exam.