A concussion is a brain injury caused by trauma or impact that leads to a range of physical and mental symptoms. Simply put, it involves symptoms resulting from a blow to the head, but it’s important to note that not all concussions are caused by direct impacts. For example, concussions can also occur from rapid acceleration or deceleration, causing indirect impacts on the brain.
It’s crucial to seek medical attention as soon as possible, as untreated concussions can lead to long-term effects. Below, we’ll explore the 14 most common symptoms of concussion and their associated aftereffects.
14 Early Symptoms of Concussion
- Headache and Dizziness
These are the most common symptoms of a concussion, with about 80% of patients reporting headaches, according to research. - Tinnitus (Ringing in the ears)
Tinnitus, or ringing in the ears, is another common symptom that affects about 30% of concussion patients. - Hearing Loss
Temporary hearing loss can occur due to the brain trauma affecting auditory processing. - Blurred Vision
Vision problems, such as blurred vision, can happen due to the brain’s impaired ability to process visual information. - Double Vision
Known as diplopia, this symptom can occur when the brain struggles to align the eyes, leading to double vision. - Eye Movement Issues
Difficulty coordinating eye movements is another common symptom after a concussion. - Light Sensitivity
Light sensitivity or photophobia affects around 50% of concussion patients. - Sound Sensitivity
Sensitivity to sound or phonophobia is common and can contribute to discomfort during recovery. - Reduced Taste or Smell
A temporary loss of taste or smell can happen as a result of brain trauma. - Insomnia
Difficulty sleeping is a frequent symptom following a concussion and affects about 70% of patients. - Fatigue
Feeling overly tired or exhausted can happen, often impacting daily activities. - Numbness or Tingling
Sensory disturbances like numbness or tingling in the limbs may occur as the brain adjusts to the injury. - Impaired Cognitive Function
Problems with memory, concentration, and thinking are often seen after a concussion, affecting cognitive function. - Depression or Anxiety
Many people experience emotional symptoms like depression or anxiety, which can persist even after other physical symptoms resolve.
Post-Concussion Syndrome
While most concussion symptoms improve with time, some individuals experience persistent symptoms, known as post-concussion syndrome (PCS). Studies show that around 20-30% of people who suffer from a concussion develop PCS, which includes ongoing headaches, dizziness, fatigue, depression, and memory problems. These symptoms may last for weeks, months, or even a year after the injury.
Treatment for Concussion
Treatment for a concussion focuses on managing symptoms and promoting recovery. Depending on the symptoms, treatment may include:
- Neurologic care: Doctors may prescribe medications to manage symptoms like headaches, insomnia, or anxiety.
- Psychological support: If depression or anxiety is present, a psychologist or psychiatrist may provide therapy or medication.
- Vestibular rehabilitation: For patients with dizziness or balance problems, physical therapy can help restore stability.
While rest is essential, it’s important to also engage in light physical activity, as directed by a healthcare provider, to support the recovery process.
How Long Does Treatment for Concussion Last?
Recovery time varies for each patient. Statistically, about 50% of concussion patients still experience symptoms after two weeks. Around 15% of individuals continue to have symptoms for over a year. However, most symptoms improve over time with proper treatment. Avoiding excessive worry is crucial, as stress can worsen symptoms.
Post-Concussion Care
After a concussion, it’s important to take precautions to avoid further injury, as the brain is in a weakened state. Activities like riding roller coasters or engaging in vigorous sports should be avoided until cleared by a healthcare provider.
While avoiding intense physical activity is essential, light exercises, such as walking or swimming, are recommended to stay active while minimizing risk.
Conclusion
The recovery process from a concussion can vary from person to person, but most symptoms gradually improve with appropriate care. Post-concussion syndrome may occur in some cases, but with consistent care, most patients see improvement. If you experience symptoms like headaches, dizziness, insomnia, memory loss, or depression after a head injury, it’s essential to consult a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan.